"Hearing Temperature": Scientists Reveal New Layer of Human Perception

Good Morning and welcome to Tuesday’s STEAM newsletter.

In today’s edition:

• Science - "Hearing Temperature": Scientists Reveal New Layer of Human Perception, and more.

• Technology and AI - Bridging the AI Gender Gap: Women Lag Behind in Generative AI Adoption, Humanoid Robots Are on the Verge of an AI-Powered Revolution, and more.

• Engineering - Sustainable Energy Breakthrough: High-Efficiency Petroleum-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator, and more.

• Astronomy & Space - Deep Water Reservoirs Found on Mars: Too Deep to Tap, and more.

• Health & Medicine - New Aspirin-Infused Hydrogels Show Promise for Healing Chronic Wounds, and more.

• Environment - New AI-Driven Aquaculture System Aims for Sustainable Seafood Independence, New Framework to Predict Post-Fire Debris Flow Behavior, and more.

• Nature - Joro Spiders Thrive by Keeping Cool: A Secret to Their Spread, Mysterious Synchronization in Bowhead Whales: Long-Distance Communication Revealed, and more.

• Industry - SpaceX's Starship Launch Sparks Concerns Over Mercury Pollution, and more.

• World - South Africa's Small Towns to Benefit from Tech Innovations, and more.

Until Tomorrow.

~The STEAM Digest

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This newsletter is curated by The STEAM Digest.

SCIENCE

"Hearing Temperature": Scientists Reveal New Layer of Human Perception: Researchers from Reichman University's Ivcher Institute have discovered that humans can perceive water temperature through sound. Using machine learning, they confirmed that this ability, likely developed through life experiences, can be accurately analyzed and classified by algorithms. This finding opens new avenues in understanding cross-modal perception, where the brain integrates sensory information across different modalities, suggesting the potential for advanced perceptual skills and new sensory brain maps.

Chemists Develop Plant-Derived Molecules for Potential Pharmaceuticals: Chemists have discovered a new method to synthesize plant-derived molecules that show promise as pharmaceutical agents. These molecules, derived from natural compounds, could lead to the development of new drugs with fewer side effects. The breakthrough involves creating complex structures that mimic natural processes, offering a sustainable approach to drug discovery. This research could pave the way for more effective and eco-friendly pharmaceuticals in the future.

Revolutionary Neutrino Detector Prototype Unveiled by Scientists: Scientists have developed a prototype detector for studying neutrinos, elusive particles that are key to understanding the universe's fundamental forces. This new detector, designed for high precision and sensitivity, aims to capture and analyze neutrinos with greater accuracy than ever before. The technology behind this prototype could significantly advance particle physics, offering insights into processes like supernovae and the early universe.

New Mechanism in Bacterial Cell Division: "Dying to Align": Scientists have discovered a unique mechanism where misaligned filaments in bacterial cells "die" and reassemble to form a division ring during cell division. This process, studied through computational models, could have significant implications for developing synthetic self-healing materials. The research highlights the role of treadmilling in filament assembly, which is crucial for the accurate formation of the bacterial division ring.

High-Speed Cameras Reveal Microplastics' Behavior in Water: Researchers have used high-speed cameras to capture the behavior of microplastics in water, revealing how these tiny particles move and interact with their environment. The study provides new insights into how microplastics spread and settle in aquatic ecosystems, which is crucial for understanding their environmental impact. This knowledge could help in developing more effective strategies to mitigate pollution caused by microplastics.

TECHNOLOGY AND AI

Bridging the AI Gender Gap: Women Lag Behind in Generative AI Adoption: A World Economic Forum report highlights that women are adopting generative AI tools at lower rates than men, with only 51% of women using AI weekly compared to 59% of men. This disparity is more pronounced among younger users and could exacerbate gender imbalances in the workforce as AI reshapes job markets. The underrepresentation of women in AI skill development and leadership roles further complicates the issue, emphasizing the need for inclusive strategies to bridge the gap.

Humanoid Robots Are on the Verge of an AI-Powered Revolution: Humanoid robots, long a science fiction staple, are now approaching real-world viability thanks to AI advancements. Companies like Boston Dynamics, Tesla, and OpenAI are integrating AI "brains" into these robots, enabling them to perform complex tasks with human-like dexterity. These AI-enabled robots could soon enter everyday life, from manufacturing to household chores. However, ethical concerns and market viability remain challenges as this technology evolves.

Vulnerabilities in Speech Emotion Recognition Exposed: Researchers have identified vulnerabilities in speech emotion recognition systems, showing that these systems can be manipulated by subtle changes in voice or background noise. These findings raise concerns about the reliability and security of emotion-detection technologies, particularly in applications like mental health assessments and customer service. The study highlights the need for more robust algorithms to prevent exploitation and ensure accurate emotion recognition.

Rising Demand for AI Tools on the Dark Web Sparks Concern: There has been a significant increase in the demand for AI tools on the dark web, with criminals seeking to exploit these technologies for malicious purposes. These AI tools are being used for activities such as generating deepfakes, automating cyberattacks, and bypassing security measures. The growing accessibility of advanced AI technology raises serious concerns about its potential for abuse in criminal activities, highlighting the need for stronger cybersecurity measures.

New App Helps Users Break Free from Doomscrolling: A new app has been developed to help users transition away from doomscrolling, the compulsive habit of consuming negative news online. By promoting positive content and offering mindful breaks, the app aims to improve mental well-being and reduce the time spent on stressful or anxiety-inducing information. This tool could be a game-changer for those looking to balance their digital consumption with healthier habits.

ENGINEERING

Sustainable Energy Breakthrough: High-Efficiency Petroleum-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator: Scientists have developed a new petroleum-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) that offers high efficiency and sustainability. This innovation harnesses the triboelectric effect to convert mechanical energy into electricity, with potential applications in various fields, including wearable electronics and environmental sensing. The use of petroleum in this technology not only improves performance but also provides a more sustainable alternative to conventional energy harvesting methods.

Genetically Engineered Wood to Reduce Carbon Emissions: Scientists have developed genetically modified wood that can significantly reduce carbon emissions. This innovative wood is designed to store more carbon than traditional timber, offering a sustainable alternative in construction and other industries. By enhancing the wood’s natural properties, researchers aim to contribute to global efforts in combating climate change and reducing the environmental impact of building materials.

Tunable Metamaterial Inspired by Vintage Toys for Advanced Engineering Applications: Researchers have created a tunable metamaterial inspired by vintage mechanical toys, such as Jacob's ladders and pop-up books. This new material can change its properties, like stiffness and shape, in response to external stimuli, offering potential uses in robotics, aerospace, and other advanced engineering fields. The design principles from these classic toys have been adapted to create materials with customizable mechanical behavior, paving the way for innovative applications

ASTRONOMY & SPACE

Deep Water Reservoirs Found on Mars: Too Deep to Tap: Scientists have discovered vast underground reservoirs of liquid water on Mars, likely enough to fill ancient oceans. Using data from NASA's Insight lander, they estimate that this water is located 11.5 to 20 kilometers below the surface, embedded within fractured rock. Although this discovery offers insights into Mars' geological history and potential habitability, the depth makes the water inaccessible for future colonization efforts.

JWST's Groundbreaking Discovery of Carbon Ices on Distant Solar System Objects: A research team using the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has detected ancient carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide ices on trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) for the first time. These findings suggest carbon dioxide was abundant during the solar system's formation, while the origins of carbon monoxide remain uncertain. This discovery provides new insights into the composition and evolution of these distant celestial bodies.

ESA's Variable-Thrust Rocket Engine Passes Initial Tests: The European Space Agency (ESA) has successfully completed the first phase of hot-fire tests on the Throttleable Liquid Propulsion Demonstrator (TLPD), a new variable-thrust rocket engine. Developed by a Polish consortium, the TLPD engine uses safer, storable propellants and is designed for small rockets, space vehicles, and landers. Initial tests showed promising results, leading to an early start on dynamic throttling tests. Further testing is set to begin in October.

NASA to Launch Scientific Balloons in Mexico for High-Altitude Research: NASA is preparing to launch a series of scientific balloons from Mexico, designed to study various atmospheric phenomena. These high-altitude balloons will carry instruments to collect data on cosmic rays, atmospheric chemistry, and other scientific objectives. The project aims to enhance our understanding of Earth's atmosphere and contribute to ongoing climate research.

HEALTH & MEDICINE

New Aspirin-Infused Hydrogels Show Promise for Healing Chronic Wounds: Researchers have developed innovative aspirin-infused hydrogels designed to accelerate the healing of chronic wounds. These hydrogels utilize the anti-inflammatory properties of aspirin to reduce inflammation and promote tissue regeneration. The breakthrough could provide a more effective treatment for conditions like diabetic ulcers, where traditional healing processes are often slow. Early results are promising, suggesting that this approach could significantly improve recovery times for patients with persistent wounds.

Pre-Surgical Antibody Treatment Shows Promise in Reducing Heart Surgery Complications: A new study suggests that pre-surgical antibody treatment could significantly reduce complications for heart surgery patients. The treatment targets specific immune responses that can lead to inflammation and other issues during surgery. Early results indicate improved outcomes, such as reduced tissue damage and faster recovery times. This approach may become a valuable tool in enhancing the safety and effectiveness of heart surgeries.

ENVIRONMENT

New AI-Driven Aquaculture System Aims for Sustainable Seafood Independence: Scientists have developed an advanced aquaculture system using AI and automation to increase seafood production sustainably. This innovative approach could reduce reliance on wild fisheries, promote seafood independence, and address the growing demand for protein. The system optimizes water quality, feeding, and monitoring, potentially transforming how seafood is produced globally.

New Framework to Predict Post-Fire Debris Flow Behavior: Scientists have developed a new framework to better predict debris flow behavior after wildfires. This framework considers the influence of soil properties, burn severity, and rainfall intensity, aiming to improve hazard assessments and inform more effective land management and emergency response strategies. The goal is to minimize risks in areas prone to post-fire landslides, which can pose significant threats to communities and ecosystems.

Small Chemical Tweak Significantly Boosts CO2 Absorption: Researchers have discovered that a minor chemical modification to a material used in carbon capture can greatly enhance its ability to absorb CO2. This tweak improves the efficiency and potential of carbon capture technologies, which are critical for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The advancement could lead to more effective methods for mitigating climate change by capturing and storing CO2 from industrial sources.

Bacteria in Lakes Play Crucial Role in Climate by Consuming Methane: Recent research highlights the importance of methanotrophs, bacteria that consume methane, in lakes' role in climate regulation. These bacteria help mitigate the greenhouse effect by reducing the amount of methane, a potent greenhouse gas, released into the atmosphere. Understanding how methanotrophs function in different lake environments is vital for predicting and managing their impact on climate change.

NATURE

Joro Spiders Thrive by Keeping Cool: A Secret to Their Spread: Joro spiders, an invasive species in the southeastern U.S., owe part of their success to their ability to regulate body temperature during cold weather. They achieve this by producing a specialized antifreeze-like compound that prevents their tissues from freezing. This adaptation allows them to remain active in cooler climates, outcompeting native species and enabling their rapid spread across new regions.

Mysterious Synchronization in Bowhead Whales: Long-Distance Communication Revealed: Scientists have discovered that bowhead whales in the Arctic Ocean exhibit synchronized diving behavior over distances of up to 100 kilometers, likely facilitated by acoustic communication. Using chaos theory, researchers observed a 24-hour cycle in their diving patterns, closely aligned with prey movements. This finding hints at a complex social structure among these whales, challenging previous understandings of their behavior.

INDUSTRY

SpaceX's Starship Launch Sparks Concerns Over Mercury Pollution: A recent investigation revealed that SpaceX's Starship rocket launch caused mercury contamination in nearby areas. Environmental experts are concerned about the potential impact on local ecosystems and human health, particularly due to the high toxicity of mercury. The findings have led to calls for stricter environmental regulations on space launches to mitigate such risks in the future.

Report Highlights Surge in Violent Speech Aimed at Asian Communities: A new report reveals a disturbing rise in violent speech targeting Asian communities, driven by factors such as social media and the spread of harmful stereotypes. This increase in hate speech has serious implications for public safety and social cohesion. The findings underscore the need for stronger measures to combat online hate and support affected communities.

WORLD

South Africa's Small Towns to Benefit from Tech Innovations: In South Africa, small towns are set to benefit from new technological initiatives aimed at boosting local economies and improving quality of life. These initiatives include digital infrastructure enhancements, renewable energy projects, and smart agriculture practices. By embracing these innovations, small towns can overcome challenges related to connectivity, sustainability, and economic development, leading to more resilient and self-sufficient communities.

Ethiopia's Deadly Landslides: Understanding the Natural Causes: A geophysicist has identified natural factors contributing to deadly landslides in Ethiopia, including heavy rainfall, deforestation, and the region's unique geology. These findings emphasize the need for better understanding and management of these natural hazards to protect vulnerable communities. The research highlights the importance of addressing both environmental and human-induced factors to mitigate the risks associated with landslides.